An Early History of Golf in the UK
Long before the Internet came about, with all the many different golf instructional articles available online, a guide to the finer arts of playing golf already existed in the form of “The Golfer’s Manual”, which was published in 1857 by H.B. Farnie, who wrote the guide under the name of “A Keen Hand”. Interestingly enough, as early as this guide was published, it was released well over 100 years after the Royal Burgess Golfing Society of Edinburgh played the first official rounds of golf.
That being said, it was actually the formation of the Honourable Company of Edinburgh Golfers–and subsequently the Royal and Ancient at St. Andrews–that truly paved the way for the rapid development of the sport into one that is played by countless people all over the world and is watched by millions of viewers in both live sporting events and on television.
Even before this time, golf was already played in what would later be known as the oldest existing golf course in the world, the Musselburgh Links. It was there that golf was played as early as 1672, although some historical accounts claim that Mary, Queen of Scots played the game there long before that in 1567.
The Musselburgh Links was originally comprised of seven holes, with another hole being added in 1838. By 1870, The Musselburgh Links had developed into a full nine-hole golf course. The first of these three holes were located to the east of the grandstand at the racecourse, which was formerly the location of the clubhouse of the Honourable Company. It was towards the right along the main traffic route where players sliced shots and made their way back to the links with the then-new brass clubs. It was there that metal plates began to be added to the ‘brassie’ wooden clubs in 1885, reportedly to help players make these shots more easily.
In any case, the game of golf then had a number of differences with the sport as we know it today. For one thing, the clubs that were used in those days were made from woods such as hazel, ash and beech, as opposed to the graphite and steel that is used in modern golf clubs. The balls were also made out of goose feathers that was wrapped in horse or cow hide.
Another noteworthy development in UK golf history was the formation of the Royal Blackheath Club in 1766, which was instrumental in the spread of the game to the then British colony of India. It was there that the Calcutta Club was formed in 1829. The club was also responsible for bringing the game to Australia, and paved the way for the formation of various golf organizations in Adelaide and Melbourne in the latter part of the 18th century.
The 19th was a particularly fertile period for golf in the United Kingdom, most notably for the establishment of what is widely considered to be the first of what is regarded as the modern day major golf tournaments, the British Open Championship. The event was held in Prestwick in 1860.